Gold price (XAU/USD) struggles for direction as market participants eye the interest rate decision by the Federal Reserve (Fed) and further developments in the Israel-Palestine war. The near-term demand for the precious metal is bullish as Middle East tensions are seen escalating further. The Israeli military troops are gradually entering Gaza for the ground assault to root out Hamas.
In addition to Middle East tensions, higher expectations of a steady monetary policy from the Fed on Wednesday are consistently supporting the Gold price. Fed policymakers have been supporting keeping interest rates unchanged in the range of 5.25-5.50% due to higher US long-term bond yields and consistently easing price pressures. The Fed is expected to advocate for keeping interest rates higher for a longer period as strong consumer spending and tight employment conditions could keep the inflation outlook stubborn.
Gold price trades in a limited range around $1,995 as investors await the Fed’s monetary policy. The precious metal delivered a time-corrective move after facing barricades near a five-month high of $2,009. The broader Gold price outlook remains bullish as the 20-day Exponential Moving Average (EMA) has delivered a bullish crossover above the 50 and 200-day EMAs. Momentum indicators oscillate in the bullish range, warranting more upside.
Gold has played a key role in human’s history as it has been widely used as a store of value and medium of exchange. Currently, apart from its shine and usage for jewelry, the precious metal is widely seen as a safe-haven asset, meaning that it is considered a good investment during turbulent times. Gold is also widely seen as a hedge against inflation and against depreciating currencies as it doesn’t rely on any specific issuer or government.
Central banks are the biggest Gold holders. In their aim to support their currencies in turbulent times, central banks tend to diversify their reserves and buy Gold to improve the perceived strength of the economy and the currency. High Gold reserves can be a source of trust for a country’s solvency. Central banks added 1,136 tonnes of Gold worth around $70 billion to their reserves in 2022, according to data from the World Gold Council. This is the highest yearly purchase since records began. Central banks from emerging economies such as China, India and Turkey are quickly increasing their Gold reserves.
Gold has an inverse correlation with the US Dollar and US Treasuries, which are both major reserve and safe-haven assets. When the Dollar depreciates, Gold tends to rise, enabling investors and central banks to diversify their assets in turbulent times. Gold is also inversely correlated with risk assets. A rally in the stock market tends to weaken Gold price, while sell-offs in riskier markets tend to favor the precious metal.
The price can move due to a wide range of factors. Geopolitical instability or fears of a deep recession can quickly make Gold price escalate due to its safe-haven status. As a yield-less asset, Gold tends to rise with lower interest rates, while higher cost of money usually weighs down on the yellow metal. Still, most moves depend on how the US Dollar (USD) behaves as the asset is priced in dollars (XAU/USD). A strong Dollar tends to keep the price of Gold controlled, whereas a weaker Dollar is likely to push Gold prices up.