Statistics Canada released the trade data on Friday. Canada's trade deficit widened to C$2.45 billion in January from a deficit of C$1.22 billion in December. December's figure was revised down from a deficit of C$0.65 billion. Analysts had expected a trade surplus of C$0.3 billion.
The decline was driven by falling oil prices.
Exports declined 2.8% in January. Exports of energy products declined 14.7%.
Imports were flat in January.