Gold price (XAU/USD) struggles for a firm footing as investors remain worried about guidance on interest rates ahead of remarks from Federal Reserve (Fed) Chair Jerome Powell's speech on Wednesday. The precious metal remains under pressure as Fed policymakers have supported further policy-tightening in their recent statements, emphasizing that the battle against stubborn inflation is far from over.
Fed policymakers Michelle Bowman and Neel Kashkari delivered hawkish guidance on interest rates on Tuesday, citing worries about inflation remaining persistent due to the resilience of the US economy. On the contrary, Chicago Fed President Austan Goolsbee remained confident about inflation easing, adding that discussions over how far interest rates should be hiked should move towards and how long interest rates should remain high.
Gold price turns sideways after searching an interim support below $1,960.00 as investors await Powell’s speech for further action. The precious metal oscillates inside Tuesday’s trading range but a range extension is widely anticipated after Powell’s guidance by the Fed in its December monetary policy meeting.
On a daily time frame, the yellow metal has found support near the 20-day Exponential Moving Average (EMA) after correcting from above $2,000. Momentum oscillators indicate that the bullish momentum has faded.
Gold has played a key role in human’s history as it has been widely used as a store of value and medium of exchange. Currently, apart from its shine and usage for jewelry, the precious metal is widely seen as a safe-haven asset, meaning that it is considered a good investment during turbulent times. Gold is also widely seen as a hedge against inflation and against depreciating currencies as it doesn’t rely on any specific issuer or government.
Central banks are the biggest Gold holders. In their aim to support their currencies in turbulent times, central banks tend to diversify their reserves and buy Gold to improve the perceived strength of the economy and the currency. High Gold reserves can be a source of trust for a country’s solvency. Central banks added 1,136 tonnes of Gold worth around $70 billion to their reserves in 2022, according to data from the World Gold Council. This is the highest yearly purchase since records began. Central banks from emerging economies such as China, India and Turkey are quickly increasing their Gold reserves.
Gold has an inverse correlation with the US Dollar and US Treasuries, which are both major reserve and safe-haven assets. When the Dollar depreciates, Gold tends to rise, enabling investors and central banks to diversify their assets in turbulent times. Gold is also inversely correlated with risk assets. A rally in the stock market tends to weaken Gold price, while sell-offs in riskier markets tend to favor the precious metal.
The price can move due to a wide range of factors. Geopolitical instability or fears of a deep recession can quickly make Gold price escalate due to its safe-haven status. As a yield-less asset, Gold tends to rise with lower interest rates, while higher cost of money usually weighs down on the yellow metal. Still, most moves depend on how the US Dollar (USD) behaves as the asset is priced in dollars (XAU/USD). A strong Dollar tends to keep the price of Gold controlled, whereas a weaker Dollar is likely to push Gold prices up.