The Pound Sterling (GBP) remains muted as investors await the United Kingdom labor market data for three-months ending November, which will be published on Tuesday. Investors are anticipating a sharp decline in the wage growth and see labor market conditions cooling further due to higher interest rates by the Bank of England (BoE) and deepening cost-of-living crisis amid stubborn consumer inflation.
Soft wage growth data would improve progress in inflation returning towards 2% as lower earnings will eventually result in a decline in households’ spending power. Stubbornly higher wage growth has remained a major booster of sticky consumer price inflation and a decline in the same will provide more relief to BoE policymakers.
The GBP/USD pair is likely to remain inside the woods as the United States markets are closed on Monday. Trading volume is expected to remain thin due to an extended weekend. However, persistent bets in favour of rate cuts from the Federal Reserve (Fed) in the March monetary policy meeting would keep the US Dollar Index (DXY) on the backfoot.
Pound Sterling trades listless above the crucial support of 1.2700 as investors await the crucial UK data for further action. The GBP/USD pair has oscillated in a range between 1.2674-1.2784 for the past week. The broader appeal is still bullish as the 20 and 50-day Exponential Moving Averages (EMAs) are sloping higher. The 14-period Relative Strength Index (RSI) oscillates in the 40.00-60.00 range, indicating a consolidation ahead. Fresh upside in Cable is expected if it manages to climb above five-month high around 1.2820.
The Pound Sterling (GBP) is the oldest currency in the world (886 AD) and the official currency of the United Kingdom. It is the fourth most traded unit for foreign exchange (FX) in the world, accounting for 12% of all transactions, averaging $630 billion a day, according to 2022 data.
Its key trading pairs are GBP/USD, aka ‘Cable’, which accounts for 11% of FX, GBP/JPY, or the ‘Dragon’ as it is known by traders (3%), and EUR/GBP (2%). The Pound Sterling is issued by the Bank of England (BoE).
The single most important factor influencing the value of the Pound Sterling is monetary policy decided by the Bank of England. The BoE bases its decisions on whether it has achieved its primary goal of “price stability” – a steady inflation rate of around 2%. Its primary tool for achieving this is the adjustment of interest rates.
When inflation is too high, the BoE will try to rein it in by raising interest rates, making it more expensive for people and businesses to access credit. This is generally positive for GBP, as higher interest rates make the UK a more attractive place for global investors to park their money.
When inflation falls too low it is a sign economic growth is slowing. In this scenario, the BoE will consider lowering interest rates to cheapen credit so businesses will borrow more to invest in growth-generating projects.
Data releases gauge the health of the economy and can impact the value of the Pound Sterling. Indicators such as GDP, Manufacturing and Services PMIs, and employment can all influence the direction of the GBP.
A strong economy is good for Sterling. Not only does it attract more foreign investment but it may encourage the BoE to put up interest rates, which will directly strengthen GBP. Otherwise, if economic data is weak, the Pound Sterling is likely to fall.
Another significant data release for the Pound Sterling is the Trade Balance. This indicator measures the difference between what a country earns from its exports and what it spends on imports over a given period.
If a country produces highly sought-after exports, its currency will benefit purely from the extra demand created from foreign buyers seeking to purchase these goods. Therefore, a positive net Trade Balance strengthens a currency and vice versa for a negative balance.