In a one-off special GfK Consumer Confidence Barometer (CCB) to measure post-referendum sentiment, the core Index has fallen 8 points to -9. All of the key measures used to calculate the Index have fallen. This long-running survey dates back to 1974, and there has not been a sharper drop than this for 21 years (December 1994).

Splitting the core Index result by how people said they voted in the referendum, Remainers were at -13, versus Leavers who were more optimistic at -5. The survey was run from 30 June to 5 July to capture the mood of consumers immediately after the Brexit decision on 24 June.

Joe Staton, Head of Market Dynamics at GfK, says: "In these extraordinary times this one-off CCB Brexit Special gauges the temperature of consumer confidence right now. During this period of uncertainty, we've seen a very significant drop in confidence, as is clear from the fact that every one of our key measures has fallen, with the biggest decrease occurring in the outlook for the general economic situation in the next 12 months."

The results reveal consumer concerns about the economic outlook. Six in 10 (60 percent) expect the general economic situation to worsen in the next 12 months, up from 46 percent in June. Only 20 percent of consumers expect it to improve, down from 27 percent in June. The proportion of people who believe prices will increase rapidly in the next 12 months has jumped 20 percentage points from 13 percent to 33 percent.Regional, age and income analysis from the Brexit special.