The Consumer Prices Index including owner occupiers’ housing costs (CPIH) 12-month inflation rate was 2.2% in October 2018, unchanged from September 2018.

The large downward contributions to the change in the 12-month rate from food and non-alcoholic beverages, clothing and footwear, and some transport elements were offset by upward contributions from rising petrol, diesel and domestic gas prices.

Other smaller upward contributions came from items in the miscellaneous goods and services, recreation and culture, and communication sectors.

The Consumer Prices Index (CPI) 12-month rate was 2.4% in October 2018, unchanged from September 2018.