Steven Trypsteen, ING economist, covering Spain and Portugal, notes that the biggest winner in Spain's elections was the far-right Vox party. 

• "In April, they won 24 seats, but this time they won 52 seats, becoming Spain’s third-largest party. The Partido Popular (PP) also gained more seats increasing their share from 66 to 88.
• The center-right party, Ciudadanos were the biggest losers last night as they lost seats 47 seats coming down from 57 to just 10. Spain's far-left Unidas Podemos party also lost seats. It now controls just 35 seats, compared to 42 previously. This loss is partly due to the split with Más País (green-left and radical left) who gained two seats.
• Spain's governing Socialists (PSOE) remains the largest party as it gained 120 seats compared to 123 in April.
• In terms of seats, the power of the main Catalan parties hasn't changed much compared to the previous elections (Republican Left of Catalonia-Sovereignitists loses 2 seats and so now controls 13 seats and Together for Catalonia-Together gains one and so now controls 8 seats ).
• The two Basque parties: the Basque Nationalists and the Basque Country Unite gained one seat each.
• The results haven't made us change our view. The political situation remains difficult, but the pressure to find a solution after four elections has risen.  A minority government led by the PSOE remains the most likely outcome."