Lee Sue Ann, an economist at UOB Group, provides her views on the BoJ’s monetary policy.

• “The BoJ kept its monetary policy stance and policy rate unchanged at the October monetary policy meeting, but it ‘dovishly’ enhanced its forward guidance to suggest possible rate cuts in future policy meetings. We expect the BoJ to stay on pause in December but renew easing monetary policy via deepening its negative policy call rate to -0.20% possibly in 1Q20.”